Your dog’s breed might not be as straightforward as you think!
Some of the world’s most popular pups have unexpected histories, with roots in ancient civilizations, royal courts, and even top-secret military missions. That adorable fluffball on your couch? It might have been a fierce warrior’s companion centuries ago.
From breeds that traveled with Vikings to those once bred for hunting lions, the origins of some dogs will leave you speechless. You may think you know your furry friend, but their past might tell a wilder story.
Let’s dive into 20 dog breeds with shockingly surprising beginnings—you’ll never look at them the same way again!
Chihuahua
The Chihuahua, often associated with modern pop culture, has a history that stretches back to ancient Mexico. Thought to be descended from the Techichi, a companion dog of the Toltec civilization, Chihuahuas were cherished by the Aztecs. They believed these tiny dogs had mystical healing powers.
Chihuahuas were also used in religious ceremonies and were thought to guide souls to the afterlife. Their small size made them perfect for companionship, even in ancient times. Today, they remain one of the smallest and most spirited breeds, with a history rich in cultural significance.
Beagle
The Beagle, with its compact size and keen sense of smell, originated as a hunting dog in England. Used primarily for hunting small game like rabbits, its name is thought to derive from the French word “begueule,” meaning “open throat.”
This refers to the Beagle’s baying voice, essential for communicating with hunters. Beagles were favored by English royalty, including Queen Elizabeth I, who adored Pocket Beagles, a smaller version of the breed. Their joyful nature and excellent tracking skills make them popular both as pets and working dogs today.
Dachshund
Dachshunds, affectionately known as “wiener dogs,” have an origin as unique as their appearance. Bred in Germany to hunt badgers, their name literally means “badger dog” in German. Their elongated bodies and short legs were perfect for digging into burrows.
Dachshunds were highly prized for their bravery and persistence, often sent underground to flush out prey. While they are now popular companions known for their lively personalities, their hunting instincts remain a strong part of their nature. This mix of courage and charm makes them truly one-of-a-kind.
Poodle
Contrary to their elegant appearance, Poodles were originally bred in Germany as water retrievers. Their name comes from the German word “pudel,” meaning “to splash in water.” Poodles’ intelligence and hypoallergenic coats made them ideal for retrieving ducks.
The iconic Poodle cut was designed to improve their swimming ability while protecting vital organs from cold water. Eventually, they became popular in France and are now seen as a symbol of sophistication. Despite their glamorous image, Poodles’ origins as working dogs are a testament to their versatility and intelligence.
Shih Tzu
The Shih Tzu, often referred to as the “Lion Dog,” boasts a regal history tied to Chinese royalty. These dogs were bred to resemble lions, a significant symbol in Buddhism. Shih Tzus were cherished by Chinese emperors and often lived in palaces.
They were even depicted in ancient Chinese art, highlighting their prestigious status. Today, Shih Tzus are beloved for their affectionate nature and luxurious coats. Their imperial origins add to their charm, making them popular companions across the world, embodying both grace and loyalty.
Basenji
The Basenji, known as the “barkless dog,” has a storied past in Central Africa. Revered for their hunting prowess, they were used by tribes for driving game into nets. Their inability to bark, due to their unique larynx structure, is notable.
Instead, they communicate with a yodel-like sound called a “barroo.” Basenjis were highly regarded by ancient Egyptians, who depicted them in tombs and considered them valuable possessions. Their independent nature and distinctive vocalizations make them a rare and intriguing breed, celebrated for their history and unique characteristics.
Akita
Akitas have a rich history rooted in Japan, where they were originally bred for hunting large game, including bears. Their strong build and loyal nature made them ideal companions for Japanese hunters.
Akitas have since become symbols of protection and loyalty in Japan, often depicted in folklore and honored in ceremonies. They are known for their courage and unwavering devotion to their families. The Akita’s noble history and striking appearance have earned them a special place in the hearts of dog lovers worldwide.
Saluki
The Saluki, one of the oldest known dog breeds, traces its origins to the Middle East. Revered by nomadic tribes for their speed and agility, Salukis were used for hunting gazelles across vast deserts. Their slender bodies and long legs are perfectly adapted for such pursuits.
Salukis were highly esteemed by ancient Egyptian pharaohs, who considered them gifts from Allah. Their elegant appearance and gentle nature continue to captivate dog enthusiasts, embodying a blend of grace and history that is truly timeless.
Samoyed
The Samoyed, with its signature white, fluffy coat, originated in Siberia, where they were bred by the Samoyedic peoples. These dogs were essential for survival, used for herding reindeer and pulling sleds.
Their friendly disposition made them excellent companions, even sleeping with their owners to provide warmth. The Samoyed’s “smile” is a testament to their cheerful nature. Despite their working roots, they are now cherished as family pets, their history as loyal and hardworking animals adding to their charm.
Pekingese
The Pekingese, with its lavish coat and dignified demeanor, has roots in ancient China. Bred by Chinese nobility, these dogs were considered sacred, often accompanying royalty in palaces and carried in the sleeves of their robes.
Pekingese were bred to resemble the lion, a revered symbol in Buddhism. Their storied past is reflected in their proud, independent nature. Today, they remain symbols of grace and elegance, their history as royal companions adding to their allure and mystique.
Borzoi
The Borzoi, also known as the Russian Wolfhound, was developed in Russia for hunting wolves. Their name means “swift,” reflecting their incredible speed and agility. Borzois were favored by Russian aristocracy, often seen in grand hunting parties.
Their elegant appearance and gentle temperament made them popular companions in royal households. Today, Borzois are admired for their grace and poise, their history as hunting dogs adding depth to their sophisticated image. Their unique blend of power and beauty continues to captivate dog lovers worldwide.
Afghan Hound
The Afghan Hound, with its distinctive flowing coat, hails from the rugged mountains of Afghanistan. Bred for hunting large game across difficult terrains, their speed and endurance are unmatched.
Their exotic appearance and aloof demeanor have made them symbols of elegance. Afghan Hounds were once companions to royalty and are often depicted in ancient Afghan art. Today, their beauty and unique personality make them popular in the show ring and as pets, their rich history adding to their mystique.
Cavalier King Charles Spaniel
The Cavalier King Charles Spaniel has a regal history tied to English royalty. Named after King Charles II, who adored these dogs, they were often seen in the royal court.
Their affectionate nature made them perfect companions for nobility. Their expressive eyes and flowing ears add to their charm. Although once favored by aristocrats, Cavaliers are now cherished family pets known for their gentle and loving disposition. Their royal heritage and endearing personality continue to make them a beloved breed worldwide.
Lhasa Apso
The Lhasa Apso, originating from Tibet, was bred by Buddhist monks to guard monasteries. These dogs were considered sacred, believed to carry the souls of monks who did not reach Nirvana.
Lhasa Apsos’ alert nature and keen senses made them excellent watchdogs. Their long, flowing coats protected them from harsh climates, adding to their regal appearance. Today, they are cherished as companions, their history as spiritual and protective animals enriching their charm. Their unique origins make them a fascinating and beloved breed.
Komondor
The Komondor, known for its distinctive corded coat, hails from Hungary. Bred to guard livestock, their coat provides protection from predators and harsh weather. Their imposing size and strength made them ideal guardians.
Their independent and intelligent nature helped them make decisions in the field. Komondors are still used as working dogs in some areas, their loyalty and protective instincts highly valued. Their striking appearance and rich history as guardians make them a unique and captivating breed.
Pharaoh Hound
The Pharaoh Hound, despite its name, is the national dog of Malta. Known for their speed and agility, they were used for hunting rabbits in the Maltese countryside. Their name reflects their resemblance to ancient Egyptian dogs depicted in tombs.
Pharaoh Hounds have a unique trait of “blushing” when excited, their ears and nose turning a rosy color. Their elegant appearance and playful nature make them excellent companions. Their fascinating history and unique characteristics continue to charm dog enthusiasts around the world.
Shar Pei
The Shar Pei, with its distinctive wrinkled skin, hails from ancient China. Originally bred for guarding, hunting, and herding, their loose skin provided protection in fights.
Shar Peis were highly valued for their loyalty and intelligence, often serving as village guardians. Their unique appearance and strong-willed nature make them a breed unlike any other. Today, they are cherished for their devotion to family and are recognized for their fascinating history and singular look.
Great Dane
The Great Dane, often referred to as the “Apollo of dogs,” has its origins in Germany, where it was used for hunting boar. Their imposing size and strength were essential for taking down large game.
Great Danes were favored by nobility, admired for their regal stature and gentle temperament. Despite their giant size, they are known for their friendly and affectionate nature. Their noble history as hunting companions adds to their allure, making them a beloved breed worldwide.
Maltese
The Maltese, with its silky white coat, has a history steeped in luxury and nobility. Originating from the Mediterranean island of Malta, these dogs were cherished by Roman aristocrats, often depicted in art and literature.
Their small size and affectionate nature made them perfect lap dogs for high society. Today, they remain symbols of elegance and grace, their rich history and charming personality making them beloved companions. Their origins in ancient luxury continue to enchant dog lovers.
Chow Chow
The Chow Chow, known for its lion-like mane and distinctive blue-black tongue, has a history dating back to ancient China. Originally used for hunting and guarding, they were also kept as working dogs.
Their aloof and independent nature reflects their noble past, often seen in Chinese art and sculpture. Today, Chow Chows are cherished for their unique appearance and loyal disposition. Their intriguing history and striking looks make them a fascinating breed, embodying a blend of power and grace.